Images James Dent An 80 year old had an unsuccessful cannulation for a CT scan. 4 days later she presented with bruising and tenderness of the left antecubital fossa and a palpable pulsating mass. This is the US of the area https://www.criticalcare-sonography.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Produce_48.mp4 https://www.criticalcare-sonography.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Produce_50.mp4 B mode sonography shows a [...]
Possible Differential diagnoses include Appendicitis Terminal ileitis Intussusception Crohn's disease Abscesses Mesenteric adenitis Diverticulitis Caecal carcinoma Infectious colitis Hernias (inguinal/femoral/surgical/ventral) Vascular causes (AAA/ iliac aneurysms) Testicular (tortion/ epididimitis) Gyne/obstetric (ectopic, hydrosalpinx/ovarian cyst rupture/ endometriosis) Biliary colic Renal colic, UTI Psoas abscess Herpes Zoster Ascites/ free fluid/ pancreatitis US technique Examine [...]
Images Chris Harrington, Text Genevieve Carbonatto A 60 year old man presents with right renal flank pain radiating to the groin. He was known to have a 6mm stone in his VUJ from a CT scan a few months back. At the time he had no hydronephrosis. A point of [...]
Question 1 Describe symptoms, historical features and US findings in • Testicular torsion • Epididymoorchitis , epididymitis Ultrasound is an essential tool in differentiating between the different causes of testicular pain however ultrasound alone cannot exclude torsion. Initially ultrasound findings in testicular torsion may be unremarkable and then become heterogeneous or [...]
Question 2 Cricket ball to groin in young adult. Describe how you would perform scrotal US on this patient and your possible findings Performing scrotal US in the context of trauma • Private area • Chaperone • Analgesia • Gloved hand • Patient supine • Ample gel and warm if [...]
Question 3 : A 30 year old man presents with a tender groin and palpable mass • List the DD (5 marks) • Describe the E Physician sonographic approach to this problem (10 marks) Differential diagnosis: Inguinal hernia direct or indirect Femoral hernia Lymph node Varicocoele Hydrocoele Femoral artery aneurysm [...]
Question 4 A 25 year old man presents with acute left groin pain a) Discuss your US evaluation. Include choices of probe/s, the areas that you would examine and your method b) What additional clinical information is important? c) During the examination you cannot find the left testicle in the [...]
Question 5 Groin lump after angioplasty. Approach and US findings Approach The lump should be evaluated clinically for pulsatility and for the presence of bruits or palpable thrill. The differential diagnosis includes large haematoma, a pseudo aneurysm AV fistula• Use a 5 -7.5 MHz linear array probe. May need a [...]
Text Genevieve Carbonatto The following is a summary of what you need to know before sitting the fellowship exam about ultrasound. I have put it in a table form so that it is easier to read. It is not exhaustive but will enable you to answer almost any question [...]
Question 1 You have been asked to assist in the purchase of a new ultrasound machine for your department. a) Describe five (5) steps you would take to gather information for this purchase. (5 marks) 1. Decide on your needs: Size of machine, complexity (Doppler/2D), image quality, ability to store [...]
